纳米燃油悬浮液滴蒸发特性试验研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2021年第1期

论文作者:梅德清 方钰 张正军 陈志宇 高亚平 袁银男

文章页码:219 - 228

关键词:纳米燃油;液滴;蒸发;碳纳米管;微爆

Key words:nano-fuel; droplet; evaporation; carbon nanotube; micro-explosion

摘    要:通过两步法配制不同浓度与粒径的碳纳米管(carbon nanotube,CNT)纳米燃油,搭建单液滴蒸发可视化装置进行纳米燃油和柴油液滴的蒸发试验,以期为探究纳米粒子对燃油蒸发演化过程影响规律及其在燃油中异相传热传质机理提供数据支撑。研究结果表明:在400 ℃下,柴油和纳米燃油液滴蒸发较为平稳,直径D变化符合经典D2定律,蒸发过程分为定容蒸发和稳定蒸发2个阶段;50,100和150 mg/L的纳米燃油液滴的平均蒸发速率分别比纯柴油液滴的平均蒸发速率下降3.3%,5.0%和8.3%,可见纳米粒子的加入抑制了液滴的蒸发;随着粒子浓度或粒径的增大,纳米粒子对蒸发的抑制作用增强。在700 ℃下,液滴发生微爆,其直径变化不再符合经典D2定律,蒸发过程分为定容蒸发和波动蒸发2个阶段;50,100和150 mg/L的纳米燃油液滴的平均蒸发速率分别比纯柴油液滴的平均蒸发速率增加8.8%,13.9%和27.3%,可见在该温度下纳米粒子对燃油蒸发起促进作用;随着粒子浓度的增加或粒径的减小,其促进作用越显著。

Abstract: A variety of CNT nano-fuels with diverse mass concentrations and particle sizes were prepared by two-step method. In order to effectively support the influence regularity of nanoparticles on the evolution of fuel evaporation and the mechanism of heterogeneous heat and mass transfer in fuel, the visualized evaporation device for single droplet was set up and evaporation experiments of diesel and nano-fuel droplets were carried out. The results show that at 400 ℃, the evaporation of diesel and CNT nano-fuel droplets is relatively stable, and the variation of droplet diameter accords with the classical D2 law. The evaporation is divided into the constant volume evaporation and the stable evaporation. Average evaporation rates of nano-fuel with mass concentration of 50, 100 and 150 mg/L are decreased by 3.3%, 5.0% and 8.3% compared with diesel droplets, which indicates that the addition of nanoparticles inhibits the evaporation of droplets. Moreover, the amplitude of inhibition increases with the increase of mass concentration or particle size. Dissimilarly, at 700 ℃, micro-explosion of droplets occurs, and the variation of diameter does not conform with the classical D2 law anymore. The evaporation is divided into the constant volume evaporation and the fluctuating evaporation. Average evaporation rates of nano-fuel with mass concentration of 50, 100 and 150 mg/L are increased by 8.8%, 13.9% and 27.3% compared with diesel droplets, which manifests that the addition of nanoparticles increases the evaporation of droplets at 700 ℃. Along with the increase of nanoparticle concentration or decrease of nanoparticle size, the promotion effect of nanoparticles on evaporation of fuel droplets is more significant.

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