流-固-化耦合条件下硬脆性泥页岩井壁渐进破坏效应探讨

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2019年第10期

论文作者:贾善坡 肖志强 亓宪寅 戴永浩 吕方 贾陆锋 温曹轩

文章页码:2464 - 2481

关键词:硬脆性泥页岩;水化;井壁稳定;钻井液浸泡;渐进破坏

Key words:hard brittle shale; hydration; wellbore stability; drilling fluid immersion; progressive failure

摘    要:通过对硬脆性泥页岩理化性能、微观结构和力学特性等室内试验和现场测试结果的分析,探讨泥页岩井眼失稳机制,在综合考虑泥页岩吸水扩散、压力传递、强度弱化以及固体变形之间相互耦合效应的基础上,建立泥页岩井壁稳定渗流-应力-化学耦合数学模型,并且根据修正的Drucker-Prager 破坏准则,以ABAQUS软件为求解器,编制计算程序,然后应用提出的耦合数学模型模拟了硬脆性泥页岩地层中井眼破坏的动态演化过程。研究结果表明:不同钻井液当量密度下井眼扩大率随着钻井液当量密度的增大而减小,适当的提高钻井液当量密度,有利于井壁保持稳定。若不考虑泥页岩水化效应,井眼钻开后便趋于稳定,渗流场的变化并不足以引起井眼继续破坏,而考虑泥页岩水化效应后,井眼扩大率随钻井液浸泡时间的增大而增大,水化效应对井眼扩大率的影响远大于渗流场,计算出的井眼渐进破坏过程与实际钻井情况基本一致。

Abstract: Through the analysis of laboratory tests and field test results of physical and chemical properties, microstructure and mechanical properties of hard brittle shale, and the mechanism of shale wellbore instability were discussed. Based on the comprehensive consideration of the mutual coupling effect between the shale water absorption and diffusion, pressure transmission, strength weakening and solid deformation, a hydraulic-mechanical-chemical coupling mathematical model was established for wellbore in hard brittle shale. According to the modified Drucker-Prager failure criterion, the calculation program was compiled with ABAQUS software as the solver, and then the proposed coupled mathematical model was used to simulate the dynamic evolution process of wellbore failure in hard brittle shale formation. The results show that the wellbore enlargement rate decreases with the increase of drilling fluid equivalent density, and the proper increase of drilling fluid equivalent density is beneficial to the stability of the wellbore. If the shale hydration effect is not considered, the wellbore tends to be stable after excavation, and the change of the seepage field will not cause the wellbore to continue to be damaged. After considering the shale hydration effect, the wellbore enlargement rate increases with the immersion time of drilling fluid. The effect of hydration effect on the wellbore enlargement rate is much larger than the seepage field. The calculated progressive failure process of the wellbore is basically consistent with the actual drilling.

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