微细粒锡石的两液浮选

来源期刊：中南大学学报(自然科学版)1984年第2期

论文作者：黄金才 李隆峰 胡为柏

文章页码：120 - 126

关键词：浮选过程； 锡石； 捕收剂； 泡沫浮选； 微细粒； 回收率； 水界面； 浮选工艺； 影响因素； 油滴

摘    要：本文研究了-5微米锡石的两液浮选,并与相应条件下的常规浮选进行了比较。结果表明,两液浮选工艺优于泡沫浮选,锡石回收率可达99.3％,精矿含90.0%SnO₂。研究发现,捕收剂在两液浮选中起着三重作用:（1）使矿粒疏水;（2）使油相乳化;（3）影响油滴表面电性。油液表面的ζ-电位负值比矿粒-溶液间的ζ-电位还大,是两液浮选中的一个重要影响因素。两液浮选比泡沫浮选优越的原因:（1）两液浮选中产生的油/水界面较大,提高了细粒矿物的碰撞几率和附着面积;（2）油相体系的Hamaker常数比气相体系的Hamaker常数大,因而油滴比气泡更有利于疏水矿粒的粘附。

Abstract: Two-liquid flotation of - 5 μm cassiterite was studied in this paper and a comparison with conventional flotation in similar condition was made. It was shown that two-liquid flotation exceeded froth flotation, and that a 99.3% recovry of cassiterite could be achieved and the tin concentrate contained 90.0% of SnO₂. It was discovered that surfactant played three kinds of role in two-liquid flotation: （1） to make mineral particles hydrophobic; （2） to make the oil phase emulsive: （3） to influence the electrokinetics of the surface of an oil drop. Zeta potential of the surface of an oil drop was larger than that of the surface of a mineral particle, which was an important affection factor^-in two-liquid flotation. The reasons why two-liquid flotation was superior to froth flota- tion were that: （1） oil / water interface produced in two-liquid flotation was larger than gas / water interface produced in froth flotation, thus the collision chance and adhesion areas between fine particles and oil drops were increased; （2） Hamaker constant between an oil drop （iso-octane） and a hydrophobic cassiterite particle was over 1000 times larger than that between a bubble and hydrophobic cassiterite particle, so that an oil drop was more favorable than a bubble for the adhesion of hydrophobic cassite- rite particles.