锌精馏铅塔冷凝器热工测试分析

来源期刊：中南大学学报(自然科学版)2004年第3期

论文作者：张全 梅炽 何金桥 凌振华 蔡军林

文章页码：386 - 389

关键词：锌精馏;铅塔;冷凝器;相变传热

Key words：zinc refining; lead column; condenser; phase-transformation

摘    要：随着铅塔生产能力的提高,针对韶关冶炼厂锌精馏系统不能避免冲顶事故的发生,目前仅通过坼除冷凝器顶部护墙装置以提高散热强度的情况,对其二系统1号铅塔冷凝器进行了测试,发现除顶部壁面处于良好的工作状况外,冷凝器各竖壁面的温度沿高度方向的变化显著,温差较大;在同一高度处,冷凝器北壁面温度明显高于东、西两侧壁面温度。研究结果表明:冷凝器内贮槽锌液温度较低,对应的饱和蒸气压在小范围内瞬时提高不足以造成冲顶事故,但液态金属良好的导热性使得冷凝器竖壁大部分面积用于液膜的再冷却,阻碍了相变冷凝过程;锌蒸气入口位置偏高是造成冷凝器竖壁在垂直方向上产生大温差的主要因素,而且入口的东、西两侧仅利用扩散作用难以达到较好的冷凝效果。

Abstract: With the increase of productive power of the lead column in the zinc refining system in Shaoguan Smelter, the condenser always keeps away from breaking the top apart. At present the defence-roof at the top of condenser was removed to strengthen radiating heat intensity to in order to meet the requirement of output. In this study the radiating heat state of the condenser for the lead column was measured. The results show that for the vertical wall of the condenser, there is great change in temperature along the direction of the height , and the temperature difference of the north wall is larger than that of the east and west walls. The temperature of liquid zinc is not enough high to increase saturation pressure to break the top apart. The excellent heat conduction of liquid zinc makes a large number of surfaces of the walls to condense liquid film which flows on the inner walls, which hampers the process of phase transformation condense. The position of the melt for zinc vapor is too high, which increases the thickness of the liquid film and becomes a main reason for great difference of temperature along the direct of height.