页岩焙烧提钒过程中钾物相转化研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2019年第1期

论文作者:冯雅丽 杨鑫龙 李浩然

文章页码:15 - 23

关键词:含钒页岩;焙烧;浸出;熔融态颗粒;钾盐

Key words:vanadium-containing shale; roasting; leaching; molten particle; potassium salt

摘    要:针对含钒页岩中钾元素利用率较低的问题,分析并研究钠盐焙烧提钒时钾物相转化过程及钒钾同步提取特征。研究结果表明:焙烧时含钒页岩中白云母及伊利石相转化为多元素熔融态颗粒;NaCl和Na2SO4与其中钾离子交换,使部分钾参与生成水溶性钾盐,部分随钠长石自颗粒中析出;Na2CO3使矿物颗粒与石英共熔,钾钠间离子交换受抑制,钾长石相析出,抑制水溶性钾盐生成;在750~800 ℃范围内焙烧,钠离子与钾离子和钒离子的交换及结合反应同步进行,钒钾共同提取过程效率较高;使用NaCl作为焙烧添加剂时,钒酸盐生成速率大于水溶性钾盐生成速率,当NaCl质量分数大于8%时,钾盐生成速率快速增大;在Na2SO4作用下钾盐生成速率略高于钒酸盐生成速率,两反应速率差随Na2SO4质量分数提高逐渐增大;当Na2CO3质量分数低于6%时,促进钒酸盐生成但影响钾浸出效果,若Na2CO3质量分数增加(高于6%),则阻碍矿石中离子交换过程,并不利于钒钾的共同提取。

Abstract: In view of the problem of low utilization of potassium in vanadium-containing siliceous shale, the feature of simultaneous extraction of potassium and vanadium and the process of phase transformation of potassium were analyzed. The results show that the mica of siliceous shale containing vanadium transforms into the molten particle containing different elements. NaCl and Na2SO4 promote the generation of soluble potassium salt and the crystallization of albite from the molten particle. Na2CO3 inhibits the ion exchange between potassium and sodium, and the production of soluble potassium salt. At 750-800 ℃, reactions of sodium ions with potassium ions and vanadium ions carry on simultaneously, and the efficiency of co-extraction process of vanadium and potassium is higher. When the additive is NaCl, the generation rate of vanadate is higher than that of the soluble potassium salt. When the mass fraction of NaCl is more than 8%, the quantity of soluble potassium salt begins to increase rapidly. The increase rate of potassium salt is slightly higher than the rate of vanadate generation, and the difference between the two rates increases with the increase of mass fraction of Na2SO4.Na2CO3 is not suitable for co-extraction of vanadium and potassium because of its obstruction to the ion exchange process when the mass fraction of dosage is more than 6%.

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