多个列车轮载作用下铁路道床结构安定性分析

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2020年第8期

论文作者:庄妍 王康宇 张占荣 张升

文章页码:2343 - 2353

关键词:多列车轮载;铁路道床;Gauss函数;安定分析;弹性应力场

Key words:multiple wheel loads; railway ballast; Gauss function; shakedown analysis; elastic stress field

摘    要:为了更全面地了解铁路道床结构的安定行为,根据列车轮载作用下于Winkler连续均匀弹性地基上的钢轨竖向挠曲变形规律,采用基于Gauss函数的轨枕荷载分担比的近似计算方法,确定单个和多个轮载作用于不同位置处的轨枕荷载分担比。基于BOUSSINESQ和CERRUTI解答,推导竖向和水平均布荷载作用下半无限空间结构中的弹性应力场的解析表达,并结合Melan静力安定定理,提出多个列车轮载作用下铁路道床结构的安定性分析方法,通过与已有文献计算结果的对比,对推导的弹性应力场解析方法及静力安定分析方法的可行性和计算结果的准确性进行验证。基于铁路道床结构的安定性分析方法,研究多个列车轮载作用下道床材料参数对其安定荷载的影响规律。研究结果表明:对于和谐号CRH3型电力动车组高速列车,其轨枕荷载分担仅在1个转向架的2个轮轴荷载之间存在叠加影响,且在其影响范围内轨枕荷载分担比呈现“M”形分布;道床结构的静力安定荷载随内摩擦角增大而增大,尽管泊松比是影响结构弹性应力场的重要参数,但其对道床安定荷载的影响较小;在满足经济性的前提下,适当选用高强度的材料,能有效提高给定摩擦因数下道床结构的承载能力。

Abstract: In order to get an insight into the shakedown behavior of ballasted track structure more comprehensively, the Gauss function method to approximately calculate the sleeper load-sharing ratio was adopted. The Gauss function method was derived according to the vertical deflection law of rails supported on Winkler continuous and uniform elastic foundation under train wheel loads, which determines the sleeper load-sharing ratio of single and multiple wheel loads acting on different positions of the rail. The analytical expression for elastic stress field in semi-infinite space under vertical and horizontal loads was then deduced based on BOUSSINESQ and CERRUTI''''S solution. Combined with Melan''''s shakedown theorem, the shakedown analysis method of ballasted track structure under multiple wheel loads was proposed. The feasibility and accuracy of the analytical solutions were verified by comparing the results with those of the existing literature. Based on the shakedown analysis method of ballasted track structure, the influence of parameters of ballast material on its shakedown load under multiple wheel loads was investigated. The results show that for the CRH3 high-speed trains, only two wheels in a bogie have the superposition area, and the load sharing ratio of sleepers behaves as a "M" shape distribution. The shakedown load of ballast material appears to increase with the increase of the internal friction angle. Although Poisson''''s ratio is an important parameter affecting the elastic stress field, it has negligible influence on the shakedown load of ballast material. On the premise of meeting the economy, the proper selection of high-strength materials can effectively improve the bearing capacity of the ballast material at the given friction coefficient.

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