GO-纳米流体在振荡热管中的气-液脉动现象及其传热特征

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2021年第6期

论文作者:赵福云 汪维伟 王磊 蔡阳 赵月帅 杨国彪 孙佳韵

文章页码:1789 - 1798

关键词:氧化石墨烯;振荡热管;相变换热;气-液两相流;纳米流体

Key words:graphene oxide(GO); pulsating heat pipe; phase change heat transfer; vapor-liquid two-phase flow; nanofluid

摘    要:为了充分揭示氧化石墨烯(graphene oxide,GO)纳米流体在振荡热管内独特的流动行为模式与脉动传热特征,首先,以去离子水为基液,配制不同质量分数的GO-纳米流体;然后,搭建闭式多回路振荡热管可视化实验平台;第三,基于振荡热管在稳定运行时的可视化流型演变特征,分析热流密度及纳米颗粒质量分数对振荡热管的温度脉动振幅的影响;最后,探讨其气-液两相流型转变对热管热质输运特性的影响规律。研究结果表明:随着热流密度提升,振荡热管蒸发区域逐渐出现泡状流、塞状流及半环状/环状流等复杂的气液流动流型,同时,相应的气/液弹脉动的振幅也显著提升;蒸发段的气/液流型演变主要发生在气-液两相停滞和流动过程中;“液桥”断裂是气/液塞在冷凝段离散分布最主要原因;当纳米颗粒质量分数达到0.075%时,热管的脉动对流换热系数显著提升,同时蒸发段的汽化核心数明显增多,其热质输运能力最强,可使振荡热管的有效热阻最大降低25%;但当纳米颗粒质量分数达到0.100%时,由于黏性阻力提升,容易诱发蒸发段“刹车”或“停滞”现象,其热阻降低效率与质量分数为0.050%时的热阻降低效率几乎一致,均达到15%,高质量分数下的GO-纳米流体的脉动频率以及气/液塞速度都有所降低,进而强化传热效果逐渐削弱。

Abstract: The purpose of the study is to fully reveal the unique flow behavior and oscillating heat transfer performance of graphene oxide(GO) nanofluids inside pulsating heat pipe(PHP). Firstly, GO-water based nanofluids with different mass fractions were prepared. Secondly, a closed multi-loop PHP visualization experiment platform was set up. Thirdly, based on the flow pattern evolution process of PHP at stable status, the effects of heat flux and GO-nanoparticles mass fraction on the temperature fluctuation amplitude of PHP were analyzed. Finally, the influence of the vapor/liquid two phase flow pattern transition on the heat and mass transportation performance were discussed. The results show that with the increase of heat loads, complex vapor/liquid flow patterns and transition phenomena are observed such as bubbly flow, plug flow and semi-annular/annular flow and the amplitude of vapor plug/liquid slug pulsation also increases significantly. In addition, the evolution of vapor/liquid flow pattern in the evaporation section mainly occurs during the stagnation and flow process of vapor-liquid two phases. Moreover, the "liquid bridge" fracture is the main reason for the discrete distribution of vapor/liquid slugs in the condensing section. When mass fraction is 0.075%, the pulsating convection heat transfer coefficient and the number of vaporization cores of the PHP significantly increase and its heat and mass transfer performance are optimal, which causes the reduction rate of effective thermal resistance to reach 25%. However, when mass fraction is 0.100%, the phenomenon of "braking" or "stagnation" is easily induced in the evaporation section. The corresponding thermal resistance reduction efficiency reaches 15%, which is almost the same as that of mass fraction with 0.050%. The pulsation frequency and vapor/liquid plug velocity of GO-nanofluids are slightly reduced at high mass fractions, and the heat transfer enhancement effect is also obviously weakened.

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