减振型双块式的无砟轨道声振特性

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2017年第8期

论文作者:李成辉 王根平 陈代秀 段海滨

文章页码:2251 - 2257

关键词:减振型双块式;有限元法;边界元法;振动衰减;声辐射

Key words:vibration reduction double-block ballastless track; finite element method; boundary element method; vibration attenuation; acoustic radiation

摘    要:为研究减振型双块式振动衰减以及声辐射频域特性,基于FEM/BEM方法,建立轨道系统的振动力学模型和声学边界元模型。研究结果表明:轨下胶垫的减振优势主要体现在200~2 500 Hz频域范围内,减振层的减振优势主要体现在50~3 750 Hz频域范围内;在轨道结构系统中,钢轨声贡献率随频率增大而增大,低频时,轨道系统其他结构层的声辐射不容忽视;轨道系统各结构层的声辐射效率特征较复杂,均表现为开始在一频域范围内上升,而后趋于平稳震荡,钢轨声辐射效率变化速率明显比其他结构层的小;在125 Hz以下,钢轨轨腰声贡献率明显比轨头和轨底的大,而后随频率增加,轨底声贡献率比轨腰和轨头的大;本文预测的振动噪声与其他模型得出的结果有很好的一致性。

Abstract: In order to research frequency-domain properties of vibration attenuation and acoustic radiation vibration of reduction double-block ballastless track, the vibration mechanical model and acoustic boundary element model were established with the method of FEM/BEM. The results show the rail pad has a preponderance of vibration reduction at 200-2 500 Hz, and the damping layer is at 50-3 750 Hz. The ratio of rail acoustic contribution increases with the increase of the frequency, but acoustic radiation of other structures can not be ignored at low frequency. The radiation efficiency of track system structure is complex, which increases at first, then goes stable, and the rail radiation efficiency changes more slowly than others. The acoustic contribution of rail waist is greater than that of rail head and rail base below 125 Hz, and then the acoustic contribution of rail base is greater than that of the other two parts with the increase of the frequency. The noise and vibration prediction are in agreement with those obtained by other models. This work may provide reference for the design of vibration and acoustic reduction track.

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