不同化学条件下孔隙比对尾矿砂渗透性影响试验

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2020年第9期

论文作者:诸利一 杨鹏 吕文生 程晓亮 王昆

文章页码:2190 - 2201

关键词:尾矿砂;化学环境;渗透系数;孔隙比;微观结构

Key words:tailings sand; chemical environment; permeability coefficient; pore ratio; microstructure

摘    要:为探究在不同酸碱性流体环境作用下孔隙比、浸泡时间对尾矿砂渗透性的影响规律,选取7组不同孔隙比试样,设计变水头渗透室内试验;通过控制变量法,研究8种浸泡时间下尾矿砂渗透性变化规律,并利用扫描电镜和X射线能谱仪分析不同化学条件下孔隙比对尾矿砂渗透性影响机理。结果表明:在化学条件下尾矿砂的孔隙比与渗透系数存在“似指数”变化关系。当控制试样孔隙比为0.65时,在强酸溶液中(pH=3),尾砂的渗透系数随浸泡时间延长而增加,表现为二次抛物线关系,浸泡1600 s较浸泡200 s增加了56.92%;在强碱环境下(pH=11),尾砂的渗透系数随浸泡时间呈Logistic函数下降,浸泡1600 s较浸泡200 s下降了73.66%。基于太沙基、柯森、刘杰等渗透理论拟合得到酸性、碱性、中性三种条件下的修正关系模型。根据试验结果分析和扫描电镜观察发现,酸性条件下小颗粒尾砂被侵蚀,大颗粒尾砂棱角凸显,结合水膜变薄,孔隙增大,渗透系数变大;碱性条件下,尾砂颗粒表面与尾砂颗粒间有沉淀胶体覆盖或填充,结合水膜变厚,孔隙减小,渗透系数随之减小。

Abstract: In order to explore the feature rule of pore ratio and soaking time on the permeability of tailings sand under the action of different acid and alkaline fluid environments, seven groups of samples with different pore ratio were prepared. A laboratory experiment of variable head permeability was designed to analyze the permeability of tailings sand. The permeability variation of tailings under eight soaking times was studied by the method of controlling variables. The scanning electron microscope and X-ray energy spectrometer was used to investigate the mechanism between pore ratio and permeability of tailings under different chemical conditions. The results show that a similarity index relationship between pore ratio and permeability coefficient of tailings under different chemical conditions. When the void ratio of the sample is 0.65, in strong acid solution (pH=3), the permeability coefficient of tailings increases with the increase of soaking time, showing a quadratic parabolic relationship. The permeability coefficient of the tailings soaked for 1600 s increases by 56.92% compared with that soaked for 200 s. In the strong alkali environment (pH=11), the permeability coefficient of tailings decreases with the soaking time as a logistic function, and the permeability of tailings decreases by 73.66% in 1600 s compared with that in 200 s. Based on the penetration theory of TERZAGHI, KOSEN and LIU JIE, the modified relationship model is obtained under acidic, alkaline and neutral conditions. According to the analysis of test results and the images observed from scanning electron microscopy, it is found that under acidic conditions the small tailings are eroded and large tailings have prominent edges and corners. Meanwhile, the bound water film thinner, the pore size increases, and the permeability coefficient increases. However, under alkaline conditions, the surface of tailings particles and tailings particles are covered or filled with precipitated colloids. Furthermore, the bound water film becomes thicker, the porosity decreases, and the permeability coefficient decreases accordingly.

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