复合添加Mn,Cr和Sr对车身用6016合金组织与力学性能的影响

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2014年第12期

论文作者:张新明 刘星兴 唐建国 余翠娟 陈亮 邓运来

文章页码:4152 - 4161

关键词:6016铝合金;激活能;烤漆硬化值

Key words:6016 aluminum alloy; active energy; paint-bake response (PBR)

摘    要:采用硬度测试、室温拉伸、DSC分析、OM、SEM和TEM观察,研究复合添加微量Mn,Cr和Sr元素对汽车车身板用6016铝合金组织、时效硬化性与力学性能的影响。结果表明:添加Mn,Cr和Sr元素有效细化基体合金固溶后的再结晶晶粒并改变合金第二相的种类与分布。在6016合金中添加0.17%Mn+0.089%Cr+0.022%Sr (质量分数),对T4态塑性影响较小,但合金时效硬化速度、峰值硬度和时效态强度提高,模拟烤漆后屈服强度、抗拉强度分别提高27.8%和18.2%,屈服强度提高30 MPa。一方面Mn和Cr弥散相强化合金,另一方面Sr改变热力学平衡。并且Mn,Cr和Sr共同作用促进富铁相转变(β富铁相转变成α富铁相)使过剩Si含量增加,β″相析出激活能从105.7 kJ/mol降至 94.2 kJ/mol,促进β″相弥散均匀析出,最终改善合金力学性能。

Abstract: The effects of joint added elements (Mn, Cr and Sr) on microstructure, age hardening properties and mechanical properties of 6016 alloy for automotive body sheets were investigated by means of OM, tensile test, SEM, DSC and TEM. The results show that the addition of Mn, Cr and Sr elements changes the type and distribution of the second phase particles and the grain growth of the alloys is inhibited during solution treatment. Adding 0.17% Mn+0.089%Cr+0.022%Sr to 6016 alloy, the plasticity deteriorates slightly, but higher strength is obtained with the improvement of aging response and peak aging hardness, yield strength and tensile strength increase by 27.8% and 18.2%, and the yield strength of the T4 samples increases more than 30 MPa. The alloy is strengthened by Mn, Cr containing dispersoids while Sr element affects thermodynamic equilibrium. Mn, Cr and Sr elements changes β iron-rich phase intoα iron-rich phase, which increases Si concentration in the matrix. Therefore, the addition of these three types of elements decreases the active energy of β″ precipitates from 105.7 kJ/mol to 94.2 kJ/mol. More homogeneously distributed β″ particles are precipitated, which improve the final mechanical properties.

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