应用边界元法分析页岩地层井眼坍塌问题

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2016年第3期

论文作者:马天寿 陈平

文章页码:839 - 850

关键词:页岩;井眼稳定;横观各向同性;边界元(BEM);数值方法

Key words:shale; borehole stability; transverse isotropy; boundary element method (BEM); numerical method

摘    要:基于各向异性连续介质力学和边界元理论,建立横观各向同性页岩地层井眼坍塌定问题的基本微分方程,推导出基本方程的边界积分方程及其离散解,并得出井周应力和位移的边界元离散解,结合Mohr-Coulomb准则判别井眼稳定性,形成基于边界元法(BEM)求解井眼坍塌问题的基本方法。建立页岩地层井眼坍塌问题的物理模型,采用各向同性地层模型对BEM进行检验,并开展井周应力分布规律研究和应用实例分析。研究结果表明:BEM求解结果与解析解吻合较好,二者相对误差小于2.49%;弹性模量各向异性、水平地应力差异和钻井液密度等对井壁应力分布影响较大(其中水平地应力差异的影响最大),而泊松比各向异性的影响较小;W201井1 530 m井段井眼稳定性分析结果与电测结果吻合良好,BEM计算的扩径率约为9.0%,而电测扩径率约为10.0%。

Abstract: Based on the anisotropic continuum mechanics and the boundary element theory, the basic differential equations of the borehole collapse problem in transverse isotropic shale formation were established. The boundary integral equation of the basic equations and its discrete solution were deduced, and the discrete solutions of boundary element for stress and displacement were also deduced. The Mohr-Coulomb criterion was used for determining the stability of wellbore, and a basic method for solving borehole collapse by using the boundary element method (BEM) was formed the above processes. The physical model of borehole stability was established for shale formations, the isotropic model was used to verify the correctness of BEM, and the stress distribution around borehole and application example were analyzed by BEM. The results show that the BEM’s solutions are in good agreement with analytical solutions and their relative error is less than 2.49%. The anisotropy of elastic modulus, the differences of horizontal in-situ stress and the density of drilling fluid have significant influence on the stress distribution (the influence of the in-situ stress is the largest), and the influence of the anisotropy of poisson’s ratio is low. The analysis results of 1 530 m section in W201 well are in good agreement with the electric log data, the hole enlargement rate is about 9.0% by BEM, and the hole enlargement rate is about 10.0% by the electric logging data.

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