U形渠道地基用盐渍土冻融试验

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2020年第4期

论文作者:田军仓 李宏波 于广云 严鹏飞 殷建光

文章页码:1077 - 1085

关键词:U形渠道;冻融循环;盐分迁移;冻胀力波动;温度区间

Key words:U-shaped channel; freeze-thaw cycle; salt migration; fluctuation of frost-heave force; temperature range

摘    要:针对宁夏平罗县沙湖灌区盐渍土地基U形渠道衬砌盐腐蚀严重和冻胀开裂的现象,开展破坏机理研究。设计模拟渠道地基用盐渍土的冻融试验,研究9次冻融循环条件下盐渍土的盐分迁移和冻胀力分布规律,结合冻胀力计算模型明晰U形渠道衬砌的破坏成因。研究结果表明:相同含水质量分数的盐渍土,深度在10 cm以内时,盐分迁移速率较快,随着深度增加,盐分迁移速率由大减小,并沿着深度增加盐分迁移量呈非线性减小;不同含水质量分数盐渍土在其表层均有盐分迁移后大量富集现象;相同含水质量分数的盐渍土,其冻胀力随着深度增加而增加,当深度在25 cm以内时,其冻胀力增长较为平缓,深度大于25 cm时,冻胀力随着冻结深度增加呈显著增加;盐渍土温度达到-10.0 ℃以下,土体中的水已全部冻结,随着温度继续降低,冰体和土颗粒的蠕变变形导致冻胀力衰减,且随着冻融次数增加,冻胀力衰减越显著;在1个冻融循环过程中,冻胀力波动温度区间随着含水质量分数增加而减小,且区间起始温度有增加趋势;在1个冻融循环过程中产生了冻胀力波动现象且在冻胀力波动温度区间内发生了4次,该规律能很好地解释在春天融化过程中渠道衬砌板更易产生开裂的现象;盐渍土表层盐分大量富集导致渠道衬砌板顶部腐蚀最严重。

Abstract: Aiming at the phenomenon of the lining′s severe salt corrosion and frost heaving cracking in the U-shaped channel of the salined soil foundation in Shahu irrigation area, Pingluo County, Ningxia, a study was conducted to study the failure mechanism of the U-shaped channel. To find out the causes of the channel′s failure, nine freeze-thaw tests on saline soil were designed to study the law of salt migration and the frost-heave force distribution under the condition of freeze-thaw cycles. Frozen-heave force calculation model was adopted to study the causes of lining′s destruction in U-shaped channel. The results show that when saline soil has the same water mass fraction and the depth is within 10 cm, the migration rate of salt is fast. As it′s getting deeper, the migration rate becomes slower and the amount of salt migration shows nonlinear reduction. While saline soil has different water mass fraction, the surface gathers a lot of salt after the migration. When saline soil has the same water mass fraction, the frost-heave force increases as the depth gets deeper. When the depth is within 25 cm, the increasing rate of frost-heave force is gentle. When the depth is greater than 25 cm, the frost-heave force increases very fast. When the temperature of saline soil reaches-10.0 ℃, all of the water inside the soil is frozen. As temperature decreases, the frost-heave force decays as a consequence of the creep deformation caused by ice and soil particles. Besides, the decay of frost-heave force becomes more obvious when the freeze-thaw cycles increases. During a freeze-thaw cycle, the temperature range of frost-heave force fluctuation decreases when the water mass fraction increases and the initial temperature of the range has a increasing trend. Furthermore, there is a fluctuation of frost-heave force in saline soil and it happens four times in its temperature range. The law can explains the phenomenon that frost heaving cracking is much easier to occur on the channel′s lining board when item melts in spring. The large amount of salt on the surface of saline soil coincides well with the most severe salt corrosion on the top of the channel lining.

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