载重汽车用直齿轮冷挤压工艺参数多目标优化

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2017年第12期

论文作者:周杰 梁强 何雄 夏泽雨 刘正伟

文章页码:3216 - 3224

关键词:响应面法;大模数直齿轮;冷挤压;数值模拟

Key words:response surface method; spur gear with large module; cold extrusion; numerical simulation

摘    要:针对大模数直齿轮冷挤压成形后端面加工余量大、齿顶塌角大和成形载荷大的问题,以齿顶圆角、入模角、劈分厚度、定径带长度为优化变量,应用响应面法和有限元数值模拟对齿轮冷挤压成形工艺参数进行多目标优化。以减小齿轮端面加工余量、提高齿顶充填性和降低成形载荷为目标,分别建立3个目标函数的二阶响应面模型,通过在可行变量空间内寻优,将优化后的最优工艺参数进行验证。研究结果表明:得到的模型预测精度高,能较好地描述3个目标函数关于设计变量的响应。大模数直齿轮冷挤压成形最优工艺参数为:齿顶圆角1.6 mm、入模角40°、劈分厚度2 mm、定径带长度15 mm。采用最优工艺参数加工的试样的端面加工余量降至1.91 mm,齿顶塌角量降至0.29 mm,成形载荷降低18.2%。工艺实验证明采用多目标优化得到的工艺参数可以获得合格的产品。

Abstract: Taking the defects such as large machining allowance of gear end-face, insufficient corner filling and large forming force in the process of cold extrusion of spur gear with large module as the research objects, the radius at tooth tip of die, die semi-angle, splitting thickness and length of die bearing were selected to be optimization variables. The response surface method (RSM) combined with finite element method (FEM) was used for the multi-objective optimization of cold extrusion process parameter. Aiming at reducing machining allowance, improving capacity of corner filling and lowering forming force, second-order response surface models of three objective functions were established based on the results of experiment design. The optimization graphs in the variable space were analyzed. The results show that the result models exhibit high prediction accuracy and can describe the response of the three functions on design variables accurately. The optimal process parameters are as follows: the radius at tooth tip of die is 1.6 mm; die semi-angle is 40°; splitting thickness is 2 mm and length of die bearing is 15 mm. After the practical verification with optimized process parameters, the machining allowance of gear end-face reduces to 1.91 mm and the collapse amount of gear tooth reduces to 0.29 mm. The practical results indicate that with the result parameters obtained from multi-objective optimization, qualified products can be produced.

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